Post adoption services include preventive, supportive, and therapeutic services: -Preventive services - such as education and information assist families in understanding their child and family situation and in learning the most effective strategies for parenting. -Supportive services - such as information and referral, support groups, respite care, and advocacy help to normalize their view of their situation, relieve ongoing stress, strengthen their coping abilities, and assist them in obtaining needed resources for their family. -Therapeutic services - a minority of adoptive families need clinical interventions to address specific difficulties, including specialized assessment services, crisis intervention, a variety of therapeutic interventions, and, for some, residential treatment services that include the adoptive family in treatment efforts.